GK 2 - General Polity & Constitution of India

General Polity & Constitution of India is one of the important Topics for Our Postman Recruitment Examination.

Even though, the questions are to be of 10th standard level, due to high competition , higher level questions can be expected. Also, accuracy of the information we know will determine our position in Ranklist ..

This topic deals with the Functioning of the government set up in our country. This section is helpful to understand the 3 tiers of our governance- ie Legislative, Executive and Judiciary

The Indian Constitution is the supreme law of our land . All other laws are made in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution ,by the legislatures at Union & State level.

Important Points to Remember about Constituent Assembly of India

Idea for a Constituent Assembly for drafting a constitution for India was first provided by Bal Gangadhar Tilak in 1895. In 1934, the demand for a constituent assembly was raised for the first time, which was later became an Official Demand in 1935. This demand was accepted in August 1940 offer by the British.

v  The constituent assembly was formed on the recommendation of the Cabinet Mission which visited India in 1946

v  The first meeting of Constituent Assembly was held on December 9, 1946— its temporary president was Dr  Sachchidananda Sinha

v  The second meeting was held on December 11, 1946. Its president was Dr Rajendra Prasad.

v  The Objectives Resolution was passed under chairmanship of J.L. Nehru.on 13 December, 1946.

v  The Draft of Indian Constitution was presented in October 1947. President of the Drafting Committee was Bhim Rao Ambedkar

v  The total time consumed to prepare the draft was 2 years, 11 months, 18 days.

v  The Constituent assembly was the First parliament of Independent India.

v  The Indian Constitution was enacted on November 26, 1949 and put into force on January 26, 1950.

v  On that day, the Constituent Assembly ceased to exist, transforming itself into the Provisional Parliament of India until a new Parliament was constituted in 1952

Functions performed by Constituent Assembly:-

• Enacting of ordinary laws
• Adopted national flag- 22-7-1947
• Adopted national anthem- 24-01-1950
• Adopted national song- 26-01-1950
• Elected Dr. Rajendra Prasad first President of India-24-01-1950

 Facts about constituent assembly

• Had 11 sessions over 2 years, 11 months and 18 days
• Constitution makers visited 60 countries.
• Total expenditure - Rs 64 lakh

Major Committees

• Union Powers Committee - Jawaharlal Nehru
• Union Constitution Committee - Jawaharlal Nehru
• Provincial Constitution Committee - Sardar Patel
• Drafting Committee - Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
• Advisory Committee on Fundamental Rights and Minorities - Sardar Patel

This committee had Two sub-committes:

(a) Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee - J.B. Kripalani

(b) Minorities Sub-Committee - H.C. Mukherjee

• Rules of Procedure Committee - Dr. Rajendra Prasad
• States Committee (Committee for Negotiating with States) - Jawaharlal Nehru
• Steering Committee - Dr. Rajendra Prasad